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In om nib us warentizabim us et p red ictam an nualemįirmam adquietabim us et defendem us. Tenementa cu m suis p ertinencijs pleni us p rono minatis d icto Jho hani ad totum uita m suam contra omnes gentes. Ego uero d icta Matild a et h er edes mei o mnis p redic tas t erras et Tudinib us exact io nib us sectis cur ia et demand is m ihi ue l h er edib us meis aliquo iure p ertinentib us . Ni t erminos scilic et ad Pentecost um quinq uaginta solid os et ad festum s anc ti Martini In Hyeme quinq uaginta solid os pro om nib us sc alarib us s eruicijs con sue Reddendo inde annuatim M ihi et h er edib us meis Cent i solid is st erlingor um ad duos an Tenentib us et om nib us eor um sequelis et cu m lib era cap ella mea h abend um et tenend um de me et h er edib us meis ad tota m uita m Ip sius Jho anis lib ere quiete integre b en eĮt In pace cum om nib us p ertinencijs suis siue aliquo retineme nto. ut In diu ercijs homagijs s eruicijs lib eror um ho minium. Q uas h abui u el h abere potui in Skeggeby.

Sciant p resentes et futur i quod ego Matild a de Neuill dedi concessi et hac p resenti carta mea co nfirmaui Joh anni le Bret om nis t erras meas et tenementa

Transcription and translation Transcription One of her husbands was Gilbert de Norss’, father of her son Thomas, but the first name of her Nevill husband is not known. Matilda was probably a widow when she made this deed. He was perhaps the son of the first Sir John de Eyvill. According to the Nottinghamshire historian Robert Thoroton, Sir John de Eyvill, knight, of Egmanton, was one of the lords of Skegby in 1315/6. Matilda (known as Maud or Maude in English) was the sister of Sir John de Eyvill. It shows a standing woman holding a bird of prey, and is attached to the deed by an original textile thong, probably silk. Matilda’s beautiful seal is in the oval shape normally used by women to authenticate deeds. Transcripts and translations for manuscript items are also available for download:ĭocument 1: Lease of property in Skegby, Nottinghamshire, from Matilda (Maud) de Nevill to John le Bret (undated, c.1275-1300, Latin) The following extracts from literary and historical texts give some insights into women’s ownership of property in medieval society. Specific estates were sometimes identified for dower in the negotiations preceding the marriage. Widows received income from their ‘dower’ – money or land to which they were entitled after the death of their husband. Wealthy women would also have spent some of their money on expensive furnishings, clothes and books. However, single and widowed women were able to buy and sell land and participate in the ‘outer’ world of business, in contrast to the ‘inner’ world of the domestic household. Married women were not legally entitled to own landed property until the passing of the Married Women's Property Act in 1870 and the Married Women's Property Rights Act in 1882. Married women were also legally considered subordinate to their husbands, and a woman’s land automatically became the property of her husband on marriage. In medieval feudal society, female landowners had to depend on men (either family members or hired retainers) to fulfil the military service owed to their lord. for Dame Joan for the term of her life, as her dower and allowance'